The boy’s vision blurred from the salty droplets which filled up his eyes and ran down his face. His shoulders routinely raised and lowered with each sniffle.

The dog’s tail shot back and forth as it leaped around the room, incapable of containing its own excitement.

Their warm breath fogged the air as the cold wind stung their faces. As they shivered, the sun beamed down on the frosted over lake, sending beams of light reflecting into their faces.

It had a perfectly round door like a porthole, painted green, with a shiny yellow brass knob in the exact middle. The door opened on to a tube-shaped hall like a tunnel: a very comfortable tunnel without smoke, with panelled walls, and floors tiled and carpeted, provided with polished chairs, and lots and lots of pegs for hats and coats- the hobbit was fond of visitors. The tunnel wound on and on, going fairly but not quiet straight into the side of the hill- The Hill, as all the people for many miles round called it- and many little round toors opened out of it, first on one side and then on another. No going upstairs for the hobbit: bedrooms, bathrooms, cellars, pantries (lots of these), wardrobes (he had whole rooms devoted to clothes), kitchens, dining-rooms, all were on the same floor, and indeed on the same passage. The best rooms were all on the left-hand side (going in), for these were the only ones to have windows, deep-set round windows looking over his garden, and meadows beyond, sloping down to the river.

On top of the blue couch, the girl was turning the page of a book. Scattered across the floor, lay the numerous books.

Jack froze up as the boys swarmed past him, pushing, shoving and kicking each other to be among the first to get to the ship. It made sense in a way, how some kids who had just had their civilisation ripped away from them were afraid that they wouldn’t be able to get to the ship before the same thing happens again. Jack’s brain raced back and forth; he was uncertain, should he race ahead to get on the ship, or should he stay behind, hold on to what little power he still had. Of course, any power he once felt was now dwarfed in comparison to the destroyer occupying the horizon. Roger might have been the only boy who Jack knew would be willing to stay, but even he understood how crazy Roger was. Roger was helpful to him when he wanted to establish his dominion over the island, but also the last person Jack would want to stay on an remote island with.

“As of this moment, I am that second mouse”

Shows the theme of Family, and how people often follow in the footsteps of their parents.

Describe at least one important character in the written text. Explain how this character is revealed to you throughout the text.

Ralph

Ralph is the main protagonist of William Golding’s novel Lord of The Flies. Ralph is a a charismatic, outgoing and athletic boy whom Golding uses to represent Sigmund Freud’s Ego. Throughout the book Ralph grows from a uncaring, selfish person into a thoughtful and considerate leader and is one of the few boys who is not consumed by savagery.

William Golding used Ralph as a character to personify Sigmund Freud’s ego. Sigmund Freud, a famous neurologist, is the inventor of the Id, Ego and Superego, which he describes as the three aspects of a human’s personality. Id is the selfish part of the human consciousness which only cares about survival and instant gratification, and Ego is the part of the id which has been modified by influence of the external world to think realistically. At the start of the book Ralph actually represents Id because he makes fun of Piggy with the other boys. However, as Ralph realises what is at state he becomes Ego. This is shown by how he is quick to build huts, instill democracy and start a signal fire shortly after he realises that all of the adults are dead.

Unlike the other boys, Ralph constantly tries to maintain and withhold civilisation. This is shown by how he feels shame over his appearance for being covered in dirt when he meets the naval officer, since even after everything that happened on the island he still wishes he could hold onto societal expectations, such as staying clean. Another example is how he brings democracy into the island by holding meetings where only the person holding the conch can talk, so that people can share their ideas without being interuppted or ignored by louder or stronger people. He also tries to keep people who can’t defend themselves safe, such as the littluns and Piggy.

Finally, Ralph is the only living boy who does not let savagery consume him, and he believes that there is good in everyone. This is shown by how even after almost all the boys have joined Jack’s tribe Ralph still refuses to join. He does at one point in the novel attend Jack’s feast and joins in on the savagery by participating in the killing of Simon, however, this is an important moment for him in that he realises how evil and savagery exists in everyone. He is ashamed of joining in on this bloodshed, so he later refuses to join Jack even when all the other boys have joined him (albeit Samneric were forced to). He underestimates how consumed by savagery the other boys were when he demands Piggy’s glasses back from Jack and his tribe, shown by how Roger crushes Piggy with a rock, Samneric are captured, and the boys chase after Ralph with spears. Ralph at the end of the novel manages to be rescued without giving into savagery.

William Golding uses these elements of Ralph’s personality to show how selfless and sensible Ralph is, and how you can still survive in dire situations, such as a warzone, without giving up civilsation and turning to savagery. In the end Ralph won because he survived and was rescued without letting savagery consume him.